This page is limited to inorganic scintillators and corresponds to the original Scintillation Properties website that was created by Stephen Derenzo, Martin Boswell, Marvin Weber, and Kathleen Brennan at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with support from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
Whenever possible, emissions from different mechanisms have been listed separately. These include emissions from luminescent activator ions (e.g. Ce3+, Eu2+), from self-trapped excitons (SX) (e.g. BaF2), from excitons bound to an isoelectronic hole trap (BX) (e.g. CdS:Te), from charge-transfer emissions (CX) (e.g. CaWO4), from core-valence transitions (CV) (e.g. BaF2), and from donor-acceptor recombination (d-a) (e.g. PbI2). In scintillator materials that do not contain a luminescent ion and where a specific emission mechanism has not been reported, the designation self-activated (SA) is used. Materials containing a luminescent ion as a major constituent (e.g. Bi3+ in Bi4Ge3O12 and Ce3+ in CeF3) are listed according to that ion, rather than as self-activated.
All measurements are at room temperature, unless otherwise noted.
Only measurements made with ionizing radiation (e.g. electrons, x-rays, gamma-rays) have been included. Many strongly fluorescent materials are poor scintillators. In these, photons can excite luminescent ions efficiently, but the electrons and holes produced by ionizing radiation are unable to do the same.
Measurements of crystalline powders have been included because: (1) Many scintillation materials are useful in powder form (e.g. x-ray intensifier screens), and (2) A material in powder form can provide a qualitative measurement of the luminosity, and good measurements of the time response and the scintillation emission spectrum. It is hoped that powders with promising data will prompt the production of single crystals that can be used for good measurements of luminosity and proportionality.
Materials with a dominant decay time greater than 10 microseconds have not been included, since these would be less useful in nuclear radiation detectors.
It should be noted that published luminosity values generally increase over time as improved crystals become available.
It is currently not updated for newer measurements. If you have or know of an article containing scintillator information that has not been included below and would like to suggest a candidate material, please send us a copy of the article (the preferred format is PDF). You are also invited to provide information for the different property columns.
The creation and maintenance of this page is part of a DHS project to discover new inorganic scintillators by the rapid synthesis and characterization of candidate materials in microcrystal (powder) form. For a description of this facility, see Design and implementation of a facility for discovering new scintillator materials (published in IEEE’s Transactions on Nuclear Science).
You can download the complete Inorganic Scintillator Library in csv format below:
Chemical Formula | Mechanism | Density (g/cc) | Luminosity (photons/MeV) | Luminosity Data Comments | Time (ns) | Emission Peak (nm) | Energy Resolution (% fwhm @ 662 keV) | Comments | Reference | Compound Classification | Compound Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AgGd(PO3)4:Ce | Ce3+ | 8,000 | 14 ns (32%) + slow | 317; 333 | crystalline powder; 15% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Phospate | Quaternary | |||
Al2O3 | Tl+ | 2,300 | (77K) | 138 (300K) + slow | 290 (30%); 420 (70%) | 0.2% Ti+ | Mikhailik2005 | Oxide | Binary | ||
Al2O3:Ti | 3.98 | 2,300 | 290(33%); 730(67%) | <150K | Mikhailik2007 | Oxide | Binary | ||||
AlO0.86N0.43 | Ce3+ | 32 (alpha exc.) | 405 | transparent ceramic | Chen2015 | Oxynitride | Ternary | ||||
Ba2B5O9Cl:Eu | Eu2+ | 11,000 | 640 (71%) | 420 | crystalline powder; 2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Oxychloride | Quaternary | |||
Ba2Ca(BO3)2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.7 | 5,100 | 24 | 400 | 7% Ce on Ba site + 7% Na | Lin2007 | Borate | Quaternary | ||
Ba2GdCl7:Ce | Ce3+ | 30,000 | 47(6%); 260 (11%); 1650 (20%) + slow | 355; 377 | crystalline powder; 10% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Ba2MgSi2O7:Eu | Eu2+ | 10,000 | 280 ns (15%); 795 (80%) | 505 | crystalline powder; 2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
Ba2P2O7:Eu | Eu2+ | 2,500 | 288 ns (19%); 632 (78%) | 421 | crystalline powder; 3% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phospate | Ternary | |||
Ba2Si3O8:Eu | Eu2+ | 35,000 | 355 ns (10%); 1,400 (90%) | 505 | crystalline powder; 0.2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Ba2SiO4:Eu | Eu2+ | 40,000 | 242 ns (17%); 668 (81%) | 505 | crystalline powder; 0.2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Ba2SiO4:Eu | Eu2+ | 22,000 | 242; 668 | 502; 525 | crystalline powder; 0.2% Eu | Eagleman2012 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Ba2YCl7:Ce | Ce3+ | 15,000 | 18 (80%) | 390; 414 | crystalline powder; 2% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Ba2ZnSi2O7:Eu | Eu2+ | 16,000 | 665 ns (80%); 1,080 (18%) | 505 | crystalline powder; 1% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
Ba3(PO4)2:Eu | Eu2+ | 27,000 | 265 ns (23%); 620 (74%) | 420 | crystalline powder; 1.5% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phosphate | Ternary | |||
Ba3B(PO4)3:Eu | Eu2+ | 18,000 | 334 ns (13%); 820 (36%); 9,300 (39%) | 418 | crystalline powder; 2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |||
Ba3Gd(BO3)3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.3 | 370 | 313; 418 | 4% Ce | Han2007 | Borate | Quaternary | |||
Ba3P4O13:Eu | Eu2+ | 25,000 | 288 ns (15%); 806 (83%) | 440 | crystalline powder; 2.5% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phosphate | Ternary | |||
Ba5(PO4)3F:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.76 | 400 | 358 | crystalline powder, 40% Ce | Zeng2006 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |||
Ba5Si8O21:Eu | Eu2+ | 20,000 | 305 ns (17%); 852 (81%) | 453; 511 | crystalline powder; 1% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
BaAl10MgO17:Eu | Eu2+ | 16,000 | 315 ns (8%); 1,460 (74%) | 459 | crystalline powder | Derenzo2011 | Oxide | Quaternary | |||
BaAl12O19:Eu | Eu2+ | 5,000 | 1,110 ns (36%); 15,000 (64%) | 433; 460 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
BaBr1.7I0.3 | Eu2+ | 112,000 | 329(23%); 640(40%) | 414 | 5% Eu2+ | Gundiah2011 | Bromide/ Iodide | Ternary | |||
BaBr2 | SA | 4.72 | 19,300 | (10 us) | 2,200 + slow | 425; 475 | 5.4 | Selling2007a | Bromide | Binary | |
BaBr2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.72 | 5,000 10,300 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 80 (27%); 490 (22%); 2,100 (51%) | 345; 370 | 9.8 | 1% Ce; 1% K | Selling2007b | Bromide | Binary |
BaBr2:Ce | Ce3+ | 13,600 | (10 us) | 1,700 | 10 | 0.1% Ce; Trise = 150 ns | Selling2008 | Bromide | Binary | ||
BaBr2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.72 | 15,700 | (10 us) | 585 | 404 | 11 | Selling2007a | Bromide | Binary | |
BaBr2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.85 | 58,000 | 267(21%); 655(55%) | 414 | 5% Eu2+ | Gundiah2011 | Bromide | Binary | ||
BaBr2:Eu | Eu2+ | 15,700 | (10 us) | 585 | 11 | 0.1% Eu | Selling2008 | Bromide | Binary | ||
BaBr2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.78 | 49,000 | 35 (8%); 415 (47%); 814 (44%) | 408 | 6.9 | 5% Eu | Yan2014 | Bromide | Binary | |
BaBrCl:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.5 | 59,500 | 285(14%); 546(56%) | 405 | 5% Eu | Gundiah2013 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | ||
BaBrCl:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.5 | 30,800 | 4.25 | 5% Eu | Yan2016 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | |||
BaBrI:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.2 | 81,000 | 297(23%); 482(77%) | 413 | 4.8 | Bourret2010 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | ||
BaBrI:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.2 | 97,000 | 70 (1.5%); 432 (70%); 9,500 (28.5%) | 3.01 eV (42%); 2.91 eV (58%) | 3.4 | 8% Eu2+ | Bizarri2011 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | |
BaBrI:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.21 | 89,000 | 313(59%); 741(15%) | 413 | 5% Eu2+ | Gundiah2011 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | ||
BaBrI:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.3 | 71,000 | 480 | 413 | 4.3 | 5% Eu | Shirwadkar2013 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | |
BaCl2 | SA | 3.89 | 1,700 | (10 us) | 980 + slow | 420; 475 | 17.4 | Selling2007a | Chloride | Binary | |
BaCl2 | SA | 3.86 | 6,000 | 1.6 (72%); 34.8 (28%) | 300-400 | Koshimizu2009 | Chloride | Binary | |||
BaCl2:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.89 | 2,000 5,200 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 7 (6%); 190 (11%); 1,500 (83%) | 349; 373 | 16.2 | 1% Ce; 1% K | Selling2007b | Chloride | Binary |
BaCl2:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.89 | 3,100 | (10 us) | 14 (10%); 90 (40%); 1,400 (50%) | 14 | 0.1% Ce | Selling2008 | Chloride | Binary | |
BaCl2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.89 | 19,400 | 390 | 402 | 8.8 | Selling2007a | Chloride | Binary | ||
BaCl2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.89 | 19,400 | 390 | 8.8 | 0.1% Eu | Selling2008 | Chloride | Binary | ||
BaCl2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.89 | 52,000 | 25 (15%); 138 (21%); 642 (61%) | 406 | 3.5 | 5% Eu | Yan2013 | Chloride | Binary | |
BaCl2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.86 | 52,000 | 25 (15%); 138 (21%); 642 (61%) | 406 | 3.5 | 5% Eu | Yan2014 | Chloride | Binary | |
BaClBr:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.5 | 52,000 | 3.55 | 5% Eu | Bourret2012 | Bromide/ Chloride | Ternary | |||
BaClI:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.6 | 54,000 | 9 | 5% Eu | Bourret2012 | Chloride/ Iodide | Ternary | |||
BaF2 | SX | 4.88 | 10,000 | 620 | 310 | assumes 1 photoelectron per 5 photons | Laval1983 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2 | CV | 4.88 | 2,000 | 0.6 | 220 | assumes 1 photoelectron per 5 photons | Laval1983 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2 | SX | 4.88 | 9,950 | assumes 1 photoelectron per 5 photons | Holl1988 | Fluoride | Binary | ||||
BaF2 | CV | 4.88 | 1,300 | <1 ns | 220 | 4.4% Ce; Luminosity 3% of NaI(Tl) with Bialkali PMT | Melcher1989 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2 | SX | 4.88 | 3,900 | 340; 920 | 310 | Luminosity 9% of NaI(Tl) with Bialkali PMT | Melcher1989 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2 | CV | 4.88 | 1,400 | 0.8 | 195; 220 | 4.4% Ce; Luminosity 3% of NaI(Tl) with Bialkali PMT | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2 | CV | 4.88 | 0.12 (15%); 0.78 (85%) | Derenzo2000 | Fluoride | Binary | |||||
BaF2 | SX | 4.88 | 11,000 | 11.4 | Sakai1987 | Fluoride | Binary | ||||
BaF2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.88 | 13,000 | 47; 260 | 320 | 0.2% Ce; luminosity 114% of undoped | Visser1991 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.88 | 2,200 | 50 | 360 | Luminosity 5% of NaI(Tl) with Bialkali PMT | Melcher1989 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
BaF2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.88 | 4 (12%); 28 (78%) | 342-358 | 35% Ce | Gektin2009 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
BaFI:Eu | Eu2+ | 5 | 55,000 | 163 (7%); 573 (81%); 905 (6%) | 405 | 8.5 | 5% Eu | Gundiah2010 | Fluoride/ Iodide | Ternary | |
BaGdCl5:Ce | Ce3+ | 35,000 | 27 (11%); 87 (9%); 315 (17%); 1550 (19%) | 363; 389 | crystalline powder; 5% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
BaHfO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 8.3 | 40,000 | 25 + slow | 400 | transparent ceramic | VanLoef2007 | Hafnate | Ternary | ||
BaI2 | SA | 5.15 | 2,600 4,600 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 590 (71%); 2,200 (29%) | 550 | Selling2007b | Iodide | Binary | ||
BaI2:Ce | SA | 5.15 | 2,600 | (10 us) | 610 + slow | 530 | 0.1% Ce but only slow SA emission detected | Selling2007a | Iodide | Binary | |
BaI2:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.15 | not detected | 0.1% Ce | Selling2007a | Iodide | Binary | ||||
BaI2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4,600 | (10 us) | 590 (71%); 2,200 (29%) | 0.1% Ce | Selling2008 | Iodide | Binary | |||
BaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.15 | 3,800 | (10 us) | 510 + slow | 425 | Selling2007a | Iodide | Binary | ||
BaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.1 | 30,000 | < 1,000 | 420 | Cherepy2008 | Iodide | Binary | |||
BaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.1 | 40,000 | 8 | Cherepy2009 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
BaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.13 | 22,000 | 317(36%); 646(42%) | 426 | 5% Eu2+ | Gundiah2011 | Iodide | Binary | ||
BaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3,800 | (10 us) | 510 (32%) + slow | 0.1% Eu | Selling2008 | Iodide | Binary | |||
BaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 5.15 | 38,000 | 513 (95%) | 426 | 5.6 | 5% Eu | Yan2014 | Iodide | Binary | |
BaKPO4:Eu | Eu2+ | 35,000 | 275 ns (31%); 645 (55%) | 425 | crystalline powder; 2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |||
BaLu2F8 | CV | 6.94 | 400 | 1+slow | 313 | VantSpijker1999a | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
BaLu2F8:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.94 | 870 | 35 + slow | 330 | VantSpijker1999a | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
BaMgF4 | CV | 4.5 | 1,000 | 190; 220 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | ||||
BaP2O6:Eu | Eu2+ | 1,900 | 169 ns (38%); 795 (52%) | 380;470 | crystalline powder; 1% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phosphate | Ternary | |||
BaSi2O5:Eu | Eu2+ | 30,000 | 2,800 ns (98%) | 520 | crystalline powder; 2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
BaSiO3:Eu | Eu2+ | 8,000 | 170 ns (21%); 480 (30%); 1,300 (45%) | 510 | crystalline powder; 0.1% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
BaY2F8:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.97 | 980 | 46 + slow | 329 | 9.9% Ce concentration | VantSpijker1999a | Fluoride | Ternary | ||
BeO | SX | 2.86 | 6,500 | 18 | 250 | 15% of NaI(Tl) | Ogorodnikov1996 | Germanate | Binary | ||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 8,200 | Holl1988 | Germanate | Ternary | |||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 300 | 480 | Weber1973 | Germanate | Ternary | ||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 8,080 | Mares2004 | Germanate | Ternary | |||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 8,500 | Moszynski1997a | Germanate | Ternary | |||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 300 | 485 | Grabmaier1984 | Germanate | Ternary | ||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 7,610 | deHaas2005 | Germanate | Ternary | |||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 10,600 | 9.05 | Sakai1987 | Germanate | Ternary | ||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.1 | 100 (12%) 300 (79%) 1000 (4%) | 460 | crystalline powder | Porter2008 | Germanate | Ternary | |||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 7,200 | 510 | Haas2008 | Germanate | Ternary | ||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 7,100 | luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Germanate | Ternary | ||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 8,000 | Salacka2010 | Germanate | Ternary | |||||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | Bi3+ | 7.13 | 20,000 | 7.2* | * -150C, 10 us peaking time | Derenzo1984 | Germanate | Ternary | |||
Bi4Si3O12 (BSO) | Bi3+ | 6.8 | 2,000 | 100 | 480 | 30 | 10,000 ph/Mev and 2,000 ns at 185K | Kobayashi1983 | Silicate | Ternary | |
Bi4Si3O12 (BSO) | Bi3+ | 6.8 | 105 ave 3.7 (7.5%); 28.8 (9.6%); 116.8 (87.5%) | 470 | 24 | Harada2001 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Bi4Si3O12:Ce (BSO) | Bi3+ | 6.8 | 1,200 | 86 ave 2.8 (7.4%); 27.1 (9.2%); 99.8 (83.4%) | 470 | 29 | 0.1% Ce; *luminosity 60% of undoped | Harada2001 | Silicate | Ternary | |
BiBaO2Br | Bi3+ | 6.71 | 2,200 | 100 (21%) 300 (54%) 700 (12%) | 500 | crystalline powder; luminosity 0.27 x BGO | Porter2008 | Bromide/ Oxide | Quaternary | ||
BiBaO2Cl | Bi3+ | 6.36 | 6,600 | 100 (2%) 300 (41%) 600 (23%) | 491 | crystalline powder; luminosity 0.81x BGO | Porter2008 | Chloride/ Oxide | Quaternary | ||
BiSrO2Cl | Bi3+ | 6.1 | 2,000 | 50 (28%) 200 (35%) 300 (14%) | 431 | crystalline powder; luminosity 0.24 x BGO | Porter2008 | Chloride/ Oxide | Quaternary | ||
(C6Hs(CH2)2NH3)2PbBr4 | SX | 2.5 | 10,000 | 9.4 + 200 | 437 | vanEijk2008 | Halide | Quinary | |||
Ca3Ga3Si2TaO14 (CTGS) | SA | 1,200 | 80(56%); 630(44%) | 340 | 26 | Kurosawa2014 | Silicate | Quinary | |||
Ca4YO(BO3)3:Ce | Ce3+ | 110 | 390; 420 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | ||||
Ca5(PO4)3F:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.2 | 3,200 | 354, 412 | crystalline powder, 2.5% Ce | Zeng2006 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |||
CaBPO5:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.2 | 1,310 | 19.5 | 0.5% Ce | Pierron2003 | Borophosphate | Quaternary | |||
CaBr2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.35 | 36,000 | 2,500 | 448 | 9.1 | 5% Eu | Grippa2013a | Bromide | Binary | |
CaF2:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.18 | 4 (3%); 14 (5%); 30 (92%) | 318; 332 | 35% Ce | Gektin2009 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
CaF2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.18 | 24,000 | Holl1988 | Fluoride | Binary | |||||
CaHfO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 10,000 | 33 ns (47%) + slow | 439 | crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Hafnate | Ternary | |||
CaI2 | SA | 3.96 | 86,000 | 550 | 410 | Hofstadter1964a | Iodide | Binary | |||
CaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.96 | 86,000 | 790 | 470 | Hofstadter1964a | Iodide | Binary | |||
CaI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.96 | 110,000 | 8 | Cherepy2009 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CaI2:Tl | Tl+ | 3.96 | 42,000 | 1,100 | 420 | Hofstadter1964a | Iodide | Binary | |||
CaLaB7O13:Ce | Ce3+ | 220 | 291; 309; 330; 360 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | ||||
CaLaB7O13:Eu | Eu2+ | not significant | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | |||||
CaWO4 | CX | 6.1 | 15,000 25,000 | 8,000 | 425 | Luminosity 90% of CdWO4 | Zdesenko2005 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
CaWO4 | CX | 6.1 | 1,400 (30%); 9,200 (70%) | Mikhailik2007 | Tungstate | Ternary | |||||
CaWO4 | CX | 6.1 | 15,800 | 6.6 | Moszynski2005b | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
CaWO4 | CX | 6.1 | 14,400 | 6.3 | 77K | Moszynski2005b | Tungstate | Ternary | |||
CaYBO4:Eu | Eu2+ | not significant | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | |||||
CdF2 | SX | 6.4 | 170 | 7.1 | 520;580 | Jones1962 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
CdF2 | SA | 6.6 | 1100 | 4.8 (29%); 24 (28%); 78 (43%) | 420 | crystalline powder | Derenzo1990 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
CdS:In | In3+ | 4.8 | <1 | 519 | fast phosphor | Lehmann1966 | Sulfide | Binary | |||
CdS:In | In3+ | 4.8 | 0.2 | 520 | fast n-type phosphor | Derenzo2005 | Sulfide | Binary | |||
CdS:In,Te | In3+, Te2- BT | 4.8 | 3.3 | 630 | fast n-type phosphor | Derenzo2005 | Sulfide | Binary | |||
CdS:Te | Te2- BX | 4.8 | 17,000 | 270+slow | 640; 580 | Schotanus1992 | Sulfide | Binary | |||
CdWO4 | SA | 7.9 | 27,000 | 12,000 | 495 | Moszynski2005a | Tungstate | Ternary | |||
CdWO4 | CX | 7.9 | 15,300 | Holl1988 | Tungstate | Ternary | |||||
CdWO4 | CX | 7.9 | 7,800 | 5,000; 20,000 | 480 | Luminosity 18% of NaI(Tl) with Bialkali PMT | Melcher1989 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
CdWO4 | CX | 7.9 | 8,900 | 480 | Grabmaier1984 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
CdWO4 | CX | 7.9 | 12,200 | 8 | Sakai1987 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
CdWO4 | CX | 7.9 | 15,800 | 13,000 | 8.3 | 300K | Klamra2012 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
CdWO4 | CX | 7.9 | 14,340 | 8.8 | 77K | Klamra2012 | Tungstate | Ternary | |||
CeBr3 | Ce3+ | 5.2 | 68,000 | 17 | 371 | Shah2005 | Bromide | Binary | |||
CeBr3 | Ce3+ | 58,000 | 21 | 360; 380 | 3.2 | 1.9% Ca+ | Guss2014 | Bromide | Binary | ||
CeBr3 + 1-propanol | Ce3+ | 3218 | 365 | Boatner2013 | Bromide | Quinary | |||||
CeBr3 + isobutanol | Ce3+ | 1920 | 360 | Boatner2013 | Bromide | Quinary | |||||
CeBr3 + tert-butanol | Ce3+ | 3095 | 360 | 12.6 | Boatner2013 | Bromide | Quinary | ||||
CeCl3 | Ce3+ | 3.9 | 46,000 | 25 + slow | 350 | 3.4 | vanLoef2001b | Chloride | Binary | ||
CeCl3(CH3OH)4 | Ce3+ | 16,600 | 64.4 (93%); 1,660 (7%) | 364 | 11.4 | Boatner2008 | Chloride | Quinary | |||
CeF3 | Ce3+ | 6.16 | 2,400 | Wojtowicz1994 | Fluoride | Binary | |||||
CeF3 | Ce3+ | 6.16 | 4,400 | 3; 26.5 | Moses1990 | Fluoride | Binary | ||||
CeF3 | Ce3+ | 6.16 | 4,000 | 2; 31 | 310; 340 | Anderson1989 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
CeF3 | Ce3+ | 6.16 | 4,000 | 27 | 340 | 20 | Moses1989 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
CeF3:Lu | Lu3+ | 6.16 | 8,000 | 290 | Villora2005 | Fluoride | Binary | ||||
CeP5O14 | Ce3+ | 4,000 | Wojtowicz1994 | Phosphate | Ternary | ||||||
Cs2BaBr4:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.4 | 25,000 | (est.) | 5% Eu2+ | Bourret2012 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
Cs2BaCl4:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.75 | 30,000 | (est.) | 5% Eu2+ | Bourret2012 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Cs2BaI4:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.5 | 17,000 | (est.) | 7% Eu2+ | Bourret2012 | Iodide | Ternary | |||
Cs2HfCl6 | CX | 3.86 | 54,000 | 4,370 (95%); 300 (5%) | 400 | 3.3 | Burger2015 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Cs2HfCl6 | SA | 27,500 | 2,200; 8,400 | 375; 435 | Saeki2016 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||
Cs2HfCl6 | SA | 3.78 | 0.92 of NaI:Tl | 300 (5%); 4400 (95% ) | 400 | 3.3 | Burger2015 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Cs2LiCeBr6 | Ce3+ | 4.18 | 28,000 | (10 us) | 86(76%); 444 (8%); 3,800(16%) | 400; 418 | 7.4 | Cheon2011 | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2LiCeCl6 | Ce3+ | 3.4 | 22,000 | 101(42%); 557(35%); 2,900(23%) | 385, 405 | 5.5 | Rooh2010a | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiGdBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.41 | 25,000 | 73 (63%); 542 (14%); 3,900 (23%) | 392; 420 | 8.6 | 1% Ce | Rooh2014a | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2LiGdBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.41 | 30,500 | 39 (43%); 587 (31%); 1,100 (26%) | 392; 443 | 10% Ce | Rooh2014a | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiGdCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.7 | 20,000 | 129 ns (51%); 573 ns (32%); 8.9 ms (17%) | 360; 460 | 5 | 10% Ce | Rooh2010c | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Cs2LiLaBr6:Ce (CLLB) | Ce3+ | 4.2 | 60,000 | 410 | 3 | 3.0 MeV gamma equivalentneutron | Glodo2011 | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiLaBr6:Ce (CLLB) | Ce3+ | 4.2 | 50,000 | 55; >270 | 390; 420 | 2.9 | 10% Ce3+ | Shirwadkar2011 | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2LiLaCl6:Ce (CLLC) | Ce3+ | 35,000 | 400 | 3.4 | 3.1 MeV gamma equivalentneutron | Glodo2011 | Chloride | Quaternary | |||
Cs2LiLuCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.9 | 7,000 | 29.4 | 370; 410 | 0.5% Ce | Bessiere2006 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiLuI6:Ce | Ce3+ | 11,000 | 47 (30%); 220(32%); 1,400 (38%) | 435; 478 | 10 | 0.5% Ce3+; 35,500 photons/neutron | Birowosuto2008b | Iodide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiYBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.15 | 24,000 | 85 (39%); 2,500 | 7 | 1% Ce; 88,000 photons/neutron | Bessiere2004 | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiYCl6 | SA | 3.31 | 6,535 22,420 | (1 us) (10 us) | 6,600 | 305 | Combes1999 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiYCl6 | CV | 3.31 | 660 | 2 | 250 | Bessiere2005a | Chloride | Quaternary | |||
Cs2LiYCl6 | SA | 3.31 | 7,000 22,000 | (1 us) (10 us) | 7,000 | Bessiere2005a | Chloride | Quaternary | |||
Cs2LiYCl6 | CV | 3.31 | 1,700 | 4 | Bessiere2004 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||||
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) | Ce3+ | 3.31 | 9,565 18,400 | (1 us) (10 us) | 600; 6,000 | 372; 400 | Combes1999 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) | Ce3+ | 3.31 | 21,000 | 35 + slow | 490 | 6 | 0.5% Ce | vanLoef2005b | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) | Ce3+ | 3.31 | 10,200 21,600 | (1 us) (10 us) | 2,800 | 370 | 0.1% Ce | Bessiere2005a | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) | Ce3+ | 3.31 | 21,600 | 8 | 0.1% Ce; 70,000 photons/neutron | Bessiere2004 | Chloride | Quaternary | |||
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) | Ce3+ | 3.3 | 5.1 | >1% Ce; neutron peak resolution 2.9% | Glodo2008a | Chloride | Quaternary | ||||
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) | Ce3+ | 20,000 | 390 | 4.5 | 3.5 MeV gamma equivalentneutron | Glodo2011 | Chloride | Quaternary | |||
Cs2LiYCl6:Pr | Pr3+ | 3.31 | 10,000 | 315 | 15 | 0.2% Pr | vanLoef2005b | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Cs2NaCeBr6 | Ce3+ | 4 | 25,000 | 140 us (94%); 880 us (6%) | 380-466 | 6.7 | Kim2009a | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2NaCeBr6 | Ce3+ | 4.25 | 25,000 | 140(94%); 800(6%) | 377, 400 | 6.7 | Kim2010 | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2NaCeCl6 | Ce3+ | Rooh2009 | Chloride | Quaternary | |||||||
Cs2NaGdBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.18 | 36,800 | 72 (67%); 266 (22%); 698 (11%) | 393; 422 | 5.1 | 10% Ce | Rooh2012 | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaGdBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.19 | 48,000 | 65 (48%); 193 (24%); 864 (8%); >6,000 (20%) | 389; 418 | 3.3 | 4% Ce3+ | Samulon2014 | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaGdCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.5 | 21,000 | 69 ns (34%); 503 ns (37%); 3,200 (29%) | 378; 400 nm | 4.80% | 10% Ce3+ | Rooh2014 | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaGdCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.52 | 27,000 | 110 (15%); 353 (18%); 1,572 (24%);>6,000 (44%) | 375; 403 | 4 | 2% Ce3+ | Samulon2014 | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaLaBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 9,000 17,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 61 (32%) 450 (11%) 1,900 (57%) | 382; 414 | 11.3 | 0.5% Ce | Birowosuto2006d | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaLaBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.93 | 46,000 | 48(18%); 205(21%); 854(23%); 4021(36%) | 385; 413 | 3.9 | 4% Ce; 11 ns rise time | Gundiah2014 | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaLaCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.26 | 26,400 | 66(18%); 340(18%); 1620(45%) | 373; 405 | 4.4 | 4% Ce; 16 ns rise time | Gundiah2014 | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Cs2NaLuBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 5,200 5,800 | 61 (65%) 350 (35%) | 389; 422 | 10.5 | 0.5% Ce | Birowosuto2006d | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Cs2NaLuCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 1(1%); 55 (44%); 380(55%) | Birowosuto2009 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||||||
Cs2NaLuI6:Ce | Ce3+ | 30(100%) | Birowosuto2009 | Iodide | Quaternary | ||||||
Cs2NaYBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 5,000 9,500 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 61 (26%) 350 (23%) 2,700 (51%) | 385; 420 | 6.3 | 0.3% Ce | Birowosuto2006d | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Cs2ZnCl4 | CV | 3.35 | 630 | 1.8 (95%); 10 | 255; 280; 390 | Yahaba2014 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Cs2ZrCl6 | SA | 25,100 | 1,500; 7,500 | 440; 479 | Saeki2016 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||
Cs3CeCl6 | Ce3+ | 3.4 | 19,000 | 50 (50%); 300 (50%) | 400 | 8.4 | Zhuravleva2011 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Cs3Gd2I9:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.73 | 2,200 2,600 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 1% Ce | Birowosuto2007b | Iodide | Ternary | |||
Cs3GdBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.14 | 47,000 | 72 (26%); 270 (25%); 1,421 (26%); >6,000 (23%) | 396; 425 | 4 | 4-8% Ce3+ | Samulon2014 | Bromide | Ternary | |
Cs3GdCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.56 | 24,500 | 39 (7%); 129 (12%); 462 (15%); 2,110 (36%); >6,000 (30%) | 382; 407 | 4.5 | 8% Ce3+ | Samulon2014 | Chlordie | Ternary | |
Cs3LaBr6 | SA | 4.55 | 1,600 2,100 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 250 (92%) 2,100 (8%) | 394 | 13.6 | Birowosuto2007b | Bromide | Ternary | |
Cs3LaBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.55 | 5,800 10,400 | 46 (18%) 270 (42%) 2,100 (40%) | 390; 425 | 30 | 0.5% Ce | Birowosuto2007b | Bromide | Ternary | |
Cs3LaBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.99 | 35,000 | 71 (72%); 437 (28%) | 410 | 8 | 10% Ce | Wei2014 | Bromide | Ternary | |
Cs3LaBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.82 | 32,500 | 44(17%); 1214(18%); 399(20%); 2230(31%) | 393; 425 | 4.9 | 15% Ce; <0.1 ns rise time | Gundiah2014 | Bromide | Ternary | |
Cs3LaCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.27 | 20,000 | 56 (75%); 380 (25%) | 400 | 9 | 20% Ce | Wei2014 | Chloride | Ternary | |
Cs3LaCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.36 | 16,000 | 79(32%); 291(33%); 1243(28%) | 383; 415 | 8.6 | 8% Ce; 13 ns rise time | Gundiah2014 | Chloride | Ternary | |
Cs3Lu2I9 | SA | 4.82 | 4,000 6,600 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 770 | 390; 608 | 19.2 | Birowosuto2007b | Iodide | Ternary | |
Cs3Lu2I9:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.82 | 13,600 22,800 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 18 (2%); 42 (6%) 120 (40%); 510 (52%) | 9 | 2% Ce | Birowosuto2007b | Iodide | Ternary | |
Cs3LuI6 | SA | 4.78 | 1,200 1,400 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 390; 608 | Birowosuto2007b | Iodide | Ternary | |||
Cs3LuI6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.78 | 1,400 1,500 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 429; 471 | 0.5% Ce | Birowosuto2007b | Iodide | Ternary | ||
CsBa2Br5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.5 | 50,000 | (est.) | 2% Eu | Bourret2012 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
CsBa2Br5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.48 | 92,000 | 378 (6%); 1260 (67%) | 435 | 2% Eu2+ | Borade2011 | Bromide | Ternary | ||
CsBa2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 5 | 97,000 | 48 (1%); 383 (26%); 1,500 (68%); 9,900 (25%) | 435 | 3.8 | 7% Eu | Bourret2009a | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.9 | 102,000 | 384 (10%); 1,200 (58%); 14,000 (32%) | 2.85 eV (45%); 2.7 eV (19%); 2.66 eV (36%) | 2.55 | 4% Eu | Bizarri2011 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 5 | 80,000 | 900 | 430 | 3.9 | 3% Eu | Shirwadkar2013 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.9 | 80,000 | 350 | 434 | 2.30% | 5% Eu | Alekhin2014 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:In | In3+ | 4.5 | 35,000 | 32(2%); 162(8%); 1980(43%) | 540 | 7.1 | 0.2% In | Gascon2014 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:Na | Na+ | 4.5 | 33,500 | 39(7%); 183(36%); 995(37%) | 430 | 7.9 | 1.0% Na | Gascon2014 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:Tl | Tl+ | 4.5 | 40,000 | 28(1%); 414(42%); 1241(24%) | 500 | 7.1 | 0.08% Tl | Gascon2014 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBa2I5:Yb | Yb2+ | 4.9 | 54,000 | 870 | 414 | 5.7 | 1% Yb2+ | Rowe2013 | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsBr | CV | 4.4 | 20 | 0.07 | 250 | vanEijk1993 | Bromide | Binary | |||
CsCaBr3:Eu | Eu2+ | 28,000 | 145(0.43%); 6,097(89.8%); 28,000(9.8%) | 447 | 9.3 | 8% Eu | Grippa2013b | Bromide | Ternary | ||
CsCaCl3 | CV | 2.9 | 1,400 | < 1 | 250; 305 | vanEijk1993 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
CsCaCl3:Eu | Eu2+ | 3 | 18,000 | 5,050 | 450 | 8.9 | Zhuravleva2012 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
CsCaI3:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.06 | 38,500 | 1,720 | 450 | 8 | Zhuravleva2012 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
CsCaI3:Eu | Eu2+ | 30,000 22,000 | size dependent | 2100-3900 (size dependent) | 455 | 4.5 – 13 (size dependent) | 3%Eu in melt | Lindsey2015a | Iodide | Ternary | |
CsCe2Br7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4 | 35,562 | 78 (52.0%); 316 (31.6%); 1723(16.4%) | 390; 420; 475 | 7 | Wu2015 | Bromide | Ternary | ||
CsCe2Cl7 | Ce3+ | 3.6 | 26,000 | 50 (52%); 210 (47%) | 385 | 7.5 | Zhuravleva2011 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
CsCe2Cl7:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.6 | 19,470 | 66 (87.3%); 351 (12.7%) | 12 | Wu2015 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
CsCl | CV | 4 | 900 | 0.9 | 240; 270 | vanEijk1993 | Chloride | Binary | |||
CsF | CV | 4.64 | 1,900 | 2-4 | 390 | Moszynski1983 | Fuoride | Binary | |||
CsF | CV | 4.1 | 2,000 | 2.9 | 390 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
CsGd(PO3)4:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.07 | 24,400 | 336, 358 | crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Zhong2009 | Phospate | Quaternary | |||
CsGd2F7:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.5 | 7,300 | 20 + 3,000 | 325 | 20% Ce | Schaart1995 | Fluoride | Ternary | ||
CsGd2F7:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.5 | 6,000 | ~30 (18%) + 3,000 | 340 | 13.5 | 10% Ce | Dorenbos1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |
CsGd2F7:Pr | Pr3+ | 5.5 | d-f not observed | 2% Pr | Dorenbos1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | ||||
CsI | SX | 4.51 | 16.7 | Sakai1987 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:CO3 | SA | 4.51 | 39,000 | 1,760 | 410; 500 | 8.35 | 0.1% CO3 | Ha2009 | Iodide | Binary | |
CsI:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.51 | 19,100 | Holl1988 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:In | In+ | 4.51 | 27,000 | (12 us) | 1,900 | 545 | 9.5 | Gridin2013 | Iodide | Binary | |
CsI:Na | Na+ | 4.51 | 38,000 | Holl1988 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:Na | Na+ | 4.51 | 49,000 | deHaas2005 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:Na | Na+ | 4.51 | 43,000 | 7.4 | Sakai1987 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsI:Na | Na+ | 4.51 | 49,000 | 425 | Haas2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsI:Na | Na+ | 4.51 | 46,000 | luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 55,000 | Holl1988 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 61,000 | Moszynski1997a | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 980 | 530 | Grabmaier1984 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 56,000 | deHaas2005 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 56,000 | 5.7 | Sakai1987 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 57,000 | 560 | Haas2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsI:Tl | Tl+ | 4.51 | 56,000 | luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
CsLuP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.49 | 8,000 | 4.4 (14.1%); 19.8(85.9%) | 393 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phosphate | Quaternary | ||
CsSrBr3:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.8 | 40,000 | (est.) | 3% Eu2+ | Bourret2012 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
CsSrBr3:Eu | Eu2+ | 31,300 | 2,500 | 442 | 9 | 5% Eu | Cherginets2014 | Bromide | Ternary | ||
CsSrCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 8600 | 3.8 (23%); 57 (23%); 626 (54%) | 360-385 | 7.2 | 0.5% Ce | Fujimoto2017a | Chloride | Ternary | ||
CsSrCl3:Eu | Eu2+ | 33,400 | 2,700 | 448 | 11.5 | 5% Eu | Cherginets2014 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
CsSrI3:Eu | Eu2+ | 65,000 | 5.9 | 8% Eu2+ | Yang2011 | Iodide | Ternary | ||||
CsY2F7:Ce | Ce3+ | 1,400 | 32 | 333 | 5% Ce | Schaart1995 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
CsYP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.57 | 8,000 | 5.2 (16.9%); 22.2(83.1%) | 393 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phosphate | Quaternary | ||
Ga2O3 | SA | 15,000 | 8; 977 | 380 | Yanagida2016 | Oxide | Binary | ||||
(Gd-Y)3Al5O12:Ce (GYAG) | Ce3+ | 6 | 11,000 | 90 + >1,000 | 550 | 8 | ceramic; 0.5% Ce | Yanagida2007 | Oxide | Quaternary | |
Gd2Si2O7:Ce (GPS) | Ce3+ | 5.5 | 30,000 40,000 | 46 | 372; 394 | 6 | luminosity 2.5 x GSO, 5 x BGO | Kawamura2007 | Silicate | Ternary | |
Gd2SiO5:Ce (GSO) | Ce3+ | 6.71 | 12,500 | 56; 600 | 430 | 7 | Melcher1996 | Silicate | Ternary | ||
Gd2SiO5:Ce (GSO) | Ce3+ | 6.71 | 2,800 | 7.8 | Sakai1987 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Gd2SiO5:Ce (GSO) | Ce3+ | 6.71 | 7,400 | 9.2 | Balcerzyk2000b | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce | Ce3+ | 42,217 | 52.8(73%); 282(27% | survey of 23 members of (Lu,Gd)3 (Ga,Al)5 O12:Ce family | Kamada2011 | Oxide | Quaternary | ||||
Gd3Al3Ga2O12:Ce | Ce3+ | 45,931 | 221 (100%) | survey of 23 members of (Lu,Gd)3 (Ga,Al)5 O12:Ce family | Kamada2011 | Oxide | Quaternary | ||||
Gd3Sc2Al3O12:Ce (GSAG) | Ce3+ | 7,500 | 10.8 | ceramic, 3% Ce | Cherepy2009 | Oxide | Quaternary | ||||
Gd3Y3Al10O24:Ce (GYAG) | Ce3+ | 16,500 | 11.2 | ceramic, 3% Ce | Cherepy2009 | Oxide | Quaternary | ||||
GdAlO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.5 | 9,000 | 30; 180 | 335; 358 | 0.75% Ce | Dorenbos1995b | Oxide | Ternary | ||
GdB3O6:Ce | Gd3+ | 200 | 311 | crystalline powder; Ce3+ to Gd3+ transfer | Knitel2000 | Borate | Ternary | ||||
GdBO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.3 | 10,000 | 385; 415 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Ternary | |||
GdBr3 | Ce3+ | 4.55 | 28,000 44,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 20 (26%) 212 (65%) 13,500 (9%) | 460 | 2% Ce | vanLoef2001a | Bromide | Binary | |
GdCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.54 | 38,000 | 350; 370 | 1% Ce | Grippa2010 | Chloride | Binary | |||
GdI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.2 | 89,000 | 33 | 563 | 2% Ce | Glodo2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||
GdI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.2 | 44,000 | 45 (70%); 250 (24%); 2,000 (6%) | 560 | 4.7 | 1% Ce; 42,000 ph/MeV at 600 K | Birowosuto2008a | Iodide | Binary | |
GdNb0.2Ta0.8O4 | SA | 8.37 | 2,600 | 12(100%) | 450 | luminosity 13 x PbWO4 | Voloshyna2014 | Tantalo- niabate | Quaternary | ||
GdOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 89% of ZnS:Ag | 60 | 405, 440 | phosphor, 1% Ce | Buchanan1981 | Oxybromide | Ternary | |||
GdOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.82 | 34,000 | 30 (100%); 10 risetime | 405; 445 | * 0.49 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxybromide | Ternary | ||
GdOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 75% of ZnS:Ag | 36 | 365, 410 | phosphor, 1% Ce | Buchanan1981 | Oxychloride | Ternary | |||
GdOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.66 | 17,000 | 25 (63%); 76 (27%); 6 risetime | 400 | * 0.25 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxychloride | Ternary | ||
GdOF:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.69 | not observed | crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxyfluoride | Ternary | ||||
GdOI:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.85 | 7,000 | 23 (67%) | 440; 470 | * 0.10 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 2% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxyiodide | Ternary | ||
HfF4 | SA | 7.1 | 300 | 29 | 350 | crystalline powder | Derenzo1990 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
HfO2 | SA | 9.68 | 31,000 | 9.5 | 480 | crystalline powder; 2.5% Eu, 1% Y | LeLuyer2008 | Oxide | Binary | ||
K2BaI4:Eu | Eu2+ | 63,000 | 720 (67%); 3,100 (33%) | 448 | 2.9 | 7% Eu2+ | Stand2016 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
K2CeBr5 | Ce3+ | 2.9 | 50,000 | 6.3 | 10% Ce | Hawrami2008 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
K2CeCl5 | Ce3+ | 2.9 | 30,000 | 370 | 5.8 | Roy2007 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
K2LaBr5:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.9 | 40,000 | (10 us) | 50 | 359; 391 | 10% Ce | vanLoef2005 | Bromide | Ternary | |
K2LaCl5 | SX | 2.89 | 900 | 3,700 | 400 | 10% Ce | VantSpijker1999b | Chloride | Ternary | ||
K2LaCl5:Ce | Ce3+ | 2.89 | 49,300 22,600 | (0.5 us) | 80 + slow | 347; 372 | 10% Ce | VantSpijker1999b | Chloride | Ternary | |
K2LaCl5:Ce | Ce3+ | 2.9 | 23,000 30,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 344; 372 | 10% Ce | vanLoef2005 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
K2LaI5:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.4 | 53,000 55,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 24 | 401; 439 | 10% Ce | vanLoef2005 | Iodide | Ternary | |
K2LaI5:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.4 | 29,000 | 340; 380 | 5.1 | 10% Ce; 50% in 115 ns | vantSpijker1995 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
K2LiYBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 10,400 | 30 (1%); 250 (30%); 1,900 (69%) | 385; 420 | 22 | 1% Ce3+: 37,000 photons/neutron | Birowosuto2008b | Bromide | Ternary | ||
K2YF5 | CV | 3.6 | 300 | 1.3 | 170 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
K2YF5:Pr | Pr3+ | 3.1 | 6.9 | 20 (5%); + slow | 240 | 2% Pr | Dorenbos1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | ||
K3Lu(PO4)2:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.9 | 26,500 | 34 (81%); 1200 (19%) | 390 | 17 | 1% Ce | Wisniewski2004 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |
KBa2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.52 | 90,000 | 910 (81%); 4,900 (19%) | 444 | 2.4 | 4% Eu2+ | Stand2016 | Iodide | Ternary | |
KCaF3 | CV | 3 | 1,400 | < 2 | 140-190 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
KCaI3:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.81 | 72,000 | 1060 | 465 | 3 | 3% Eu2+ | Lindsey2015 | Iodide | Ternary | |
KGd(PO3)4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.52 | 14,100 | 325, 345 | crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Zhong2009 | Phospate | Quaternary | |||
KI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.1 | 9,700 | Holl1988 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
KLu2F7 | CV | 7,5 | 270 | < 2 | 165 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
KLuF4 | CV | 5.2 | 170 | 1.3 | 170-200 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
KLuP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.87 | 16,000 | 6.3 (14.9%); 27.2(85.1%) | 394 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phosphate | Quaternary | ||
KMgF3 | CV | 3.2 | 1,400 | 1.3 | 140-190 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
KSr2Br5:Eu | Eu2+ | 3.98 | 75,000 | 1076 | 427 | 3.5 | 5% Eu2+ | Stand2015a | Bromide | Ternary | |
KSr2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.39 | 94,000 | 990 | 445 | 2.4 | 4% Eu2+ | Stand2015b | Iodide | Ternary | |
KSr2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.39 | 94,000 | 990 (89%); 5,000 (11%) | 452 | 2.4 | Stand2013 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
KSr2I5:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.39 | 95,300 | 890 | 445 | 2.8 | 4% Eu2+ | Stand2016 | Iodide | Ternary | |
KYF4 | CV | 3.6 | 1,000 | 1.9 | 170 | vanEijk1993 | Fluroide | Ternary | |||
KYP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.11 | 10,000 | 6.7 (22.6%); 23.2(77.4%) | 380 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phospate | Quaternary | ||
La2Hf2O7:Ti | Ti4+ | 7.9 | 13,000 | 10,000 | 475 | transparent ceramic; 2% Ti4+ | Ji2005 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
La2O2S:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.82 | Not detected | Yen1996 | Oxysulfide | Ternary | |||||
La2O3:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.6 | Not detected | Yen1996 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
La2O3:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.6 | Not detected | vanderKolk2007 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
LaAlO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.5 | Not detected | vanderKolk2007 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
LaB3O6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.2 | 7,700 | 300; 320 | crystalline powder; 0.05% Ce | Knitel2000 | Borate | Ternary | |||
LaBO3:Bi | Bi3+ | 5.2 | 800 | 365 | Blasse1968 | Borate | Ternary | ||||
LaBO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.2 | 600 | 355; 380 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Ternary | |||
LaBr(3-x)I(x):Ce | Ce3+ | 5.47 | 42,000 45,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 31(70%); 244(30%) | 400; 434 | 4.1 | all entries for x = 0.75 and 5% Ce | Birowosuto2008 | Bromide/ Iodide | Ternary |
LaBr(3-x)I(x):Ce | Ce3+ | 5.51 | 55,000 58,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 28 | 472; 500 | 14.6 | all entries for x = 1.5 and 5% Ce | Birowosuto2008 | Bromide/ Iodide | Ternary |
LaBr(3-x)I(x):Ce | Ce3+ | 5.6 | 22,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 12 | 460; 510 | 35.9 | all entries for x = 2.25 and 5% Ce | Birowosuto2008 | Bromide/ Iodide | Ternary |
LaBr2:Pr | Pr3+ | 5.1 | 74,500 | 11,000 | 3.2 | 1% Pr3 | Glodo2006 | Bromide | Binary | ||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 61,000 | 30 | 356; 387 | 2.9 | 0.5% Ce | vanLoef2002 | Bromide | Binary | |
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 73,000 | 2.7-3.2 | sizes 5-76 mm; 5% Ce | Menge2007 | Bromide | Binary | |||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 74,000 | 375 | 10% Ce | Haas2008 | Bromide | Binary | |||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 75,000 | 5% Ce; luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Bromide | Binary | ||||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 68,600 | Salacka2010 | Bromide | Binary | |||||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 78,000 | ~17 + slower | 2 | Sr2+ and Ca2+ co-doping | Alekhin2013 | Bromide | Binary | ||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | rise time 9 ns ; decay time 26 ns | 0.5% Ce3+ | Glodo2005a | Bromide | Binary | ||||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | rise time 0.2 ns ; decay time 17 ns | 20% Ce3+ | Glodo2005a | Bromide | Binary | ||||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 64,000 | 16 | 5% Ce | Bizarri2007 | Bromide | Binary | |||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 56,000 | 30 | 0.2% Ce | Bizarri2007 | Bromide | Binary | |||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 26 (9 ns rise time) | 0.5% Ce | Glodo2004 | Bromide | Binary | ||||
LaBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 17 (<0.5 ns rise time) | 5% Ce | Glodo2004 | Bromide | Binary | ||||
LaCeF6 | Ce3+ | 4,500 | Wojtowicz1994 | Fluoride | Ternary | ||||||
LaCl3 | SX | 3.8 | 34,000 | 3,480 | 400 | vanLoef2001b | Chloride | Binary | |||
LaCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.8 | 49,000 | 25 + slow | 330; 352 | 3.1 | 10% Ce | vanLoef2001b | Chloride | Binary | |
LaCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.8 | 48,000 | 350 | 5% Ce | Haas2008 | Chloride | Binary | |||
LaCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.8 | 50,000 | 10% Ce; luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Chloride | Binary | ||||
LaCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.8 | 40,900 | Salacka2010 | Chloride | Binary | |||||
LaF3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.9 | 2,200 | 3; 26.5 | 290; 340 | 10% Ce | Moses1990 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
LaF3:Nd | Nd3+ | 5.94 | 2,000 | 6.3 | 173 | 0.03% Nd | Schotanus1988 | Fluoride | Binary | ||
LaF3:Nd | Nd3+ | 5.94 | 270 | 173 | 10.6% Nd | Dorenbos1996 | Iodide | Binary | |||
LaI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.6 | 200 300 | 1-2 | 452; 502 | luminosity 16,000 photons/MeV at 100K | Bessiere2005b | Iodide | Binary | ||
LaMgB5O10:Ce | Ce3+ | 1,300 | 310; 317 | crystalline powder; 0.05% Ce | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | ||||
LaNb5O14 | SA | 750 | 3,000 (73%) | 445 | crystalline powder | Derenzo2011 | Niobate | Ternary | |||
LaNbO4 | SA | 11,000 | 2,900 (71%) | 436 | crystalline powder | Derenzo2011 | Niobate | Ternary | |||
LaOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 38% of ZnS:Ag | 38 | 460 | phosphor, 1% Ce | Buchanan1981 | Oxybromide | Ternary | |||
LaOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.17 | 3,000 | 1 (11%); 4 (26%); 13 (35%) | 425 | * 0.04 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxybromide | Ternary | ||
LaOCl:Bi | Bi3+ | 1,600 | 345 | Blasse1968 | Oxychloride | Ternary | |||||
LaOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.3% of ZnS:Ag | 100 | 435 | phosphor, 1% Ce | Buchanan1981 | Oxychloride | Ternary | |||
LaOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.45 | 700 | 17 (15%); 106 (16%); 836 (15%) | 420 | * <0.01 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 2% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxychloride | Ternary | ||
LaOF:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.03 | not observed | crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxyfluoride | Ternary | ||||
LaOI:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.91 | 7,500 | 24 (86%) | 470 | * 0.11 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxyiodide | Ternary | ||
LaSCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 650 | 5.5 ns (11%); 25 (51%); 102 (28%) | 460 | crystalline powder; 10% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
LaScO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 900 | 2.2 ns (63%); 7.3 (19%) | 444 | crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
Li12LuGd(BO3)6 | Ce3+ | 60(28%); 313(14%); 30,000 (58%) | 400 | 19% | Fawad2014 | Borate | Quinary | ||||
Li2CaSiO4:Ce | Ce3+ | 2.9 | 7,800 | 27 | 0.5% Ce | Pierron2003 | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
Li2NaYBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 12,400 | 30 (3%); 560 (11%); 2,600 (86%) | 383; 413 | 10 | 1% Ce3+: 37,000 photons/neutron | Birowosuto2008 | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Li3TaO4 | SA | 30,000 | 6,100 (67%) | 398 | crystalline powder | Derenzo2011 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
Li3YCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 2.45 | 3305 6185 | (1 us) (10 us) | 250; 2,300 | 360; 385 | Combes1999 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Li6Gd(BO3)3:Ce | Ce3+ | 14,000 | 385; 415 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | ||||
Li6Y(BO3)3:Ce | Ce3+ | 1,200 | 388; 419 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | ||||
LiBaF3 | CV | 5.2 | 1,400 | 0.8 | 190; 230 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
LiBaF3 | SX | 5.24 | 1,600 | 6,000 | 300 | Knitel1996 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
LiBaF3 | CV | 5.24 | 1,200 | 0.8 | 187; 225 | Knitel1996 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
LiCa2I5 | Eu2+ | 90,000 | 1416 (gamma exc.); 156 1370 (neutron) | 472 | 5.6 | Soundara-Pandian2016 | Iodide | Ternary | |||
LiCaAlF6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3 | 50 | 280 | 6 ns rise time | Getkin2003 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
LiCaPO4:Ce | Ce3+ | 2.9 | 5,900 | 25.5 | 0.5% Ce | Pierron2003 | Phophate | Quaternary | |||
LiGd(PO3)4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.54 | 2,600 | 310, 329 | crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Zhong2009 | Phospate | Quaternary | |||
LiGdCl4 | 3.7 | 36,000 | 310; 340; 360 | crystalline powder | Porter2009 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||
LiGdCl4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.7 | 64,600 | 33 | 345; 365 | crystalline powder; 20 % Ce | Porter2009 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
LiI:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.08 | 15,000 | 475 | 7.5 | Syntfeld2005 | Iodide | Binary | |||
LiI:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.08 | 1,200 | Murray1958 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
LiInSe2 | 4,400 | 31(49%); 143(51%) | yellow crystal form | Wiggins2015 | Selenide | Ternary | |||||
LiInSe2 | not observed | red crystal form | Wiggins2015 | Selenide | Ternary | ||||||
LiSr2Br5 | Eu2+ | 32,000 | 1418 (gamma exc.); 1261 (neutron) | 407; 476 | 6.1 | Soundara-Pandian2016 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
LiSr2I5 | Eu2+ | 60,000 | 1330 (gamma exc.); 1262 (neutron) | 493; 417 (size dependent) | 3.5 | 3% Eu | Soundara-Pandian2016 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
LiYSiO4:Bi | Bi3+ | 350 | Blasse1968 | Silicate | Quaternary | ||||||
(Lu,Y)2SiO5:Ce (LYSO) | Ce3+ | 7.1 | 27,000 | 425 | Haas2008 | Silicate | Quaternary | ||||
Lu(2-2x)Gd(2x)SiO5:Ce (LGSO) | Ce3+ | 20,000 | 12.4 | x = 0.037 in crystal | Balcerzyk2000b | Silicate | Quaternary | ||||
Lu(x)Gd(1-x)I3:Ce | Ce3+ | 78,400 | 29 | 540 | x= 0.7; 2% Ce | Glodo2008 | Iodide | Ternary | |||
Lu(x)Y(1-x)I3:Ce | Ce3+ | 68,100 | 28 | 522 | x= 0.7; 2% Ce | Glodo2008 | Iodide | Ternary | |||
Lu1.8Y0.2SiO5:Ce (LYSO) | Ce3+ | 7.1 | 34,000 | 41 + slow | 397 | Pidol2004 | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
Lu2.25Y0.75Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.2 | 33,000 | 4.4 | Drozdowski2014 | Oxide | Quaternary | ||||
Lu2O3:Ce | Ce3+ | 9.52 | Not detected | Yen1996 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
Lu2O3:Ce | Ce3+ | 9.5 | Not detected | vanderKolk2007 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
Lu2S3:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.25 | 28,000 | 32 | 592 | VantSpijker1998 | Sulfide | Binary | |||
Lu2Si2O7:Ce (LPS) | Ce3+ | 6.2 | 23,000 | 30 | 380 | Pauwels2000 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Lu2Si2O7:Ce (LPS) | Ce3+ | 6.2 | 26,000 | 38 | 378 | Pidol2004 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Lu2Si2O7:Ce (LPS) | Ce3+ | 6.2 | 9,600 | 0.25% Ce | Cutler2009 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 28,000 | luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 33,000 | 40 | 420 | Melcher1992 | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 27,300 | Moszynski1997a | Silicate | Ternary | |||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 27,000 | 40 | 420 | 7.9 | Melcher1996 | Silicate | Ternary | ||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 7 (1%); 38.8 (99%) | risetime: < 50 ps (88%); 350 ps (12%) | Derenzo2000 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 29,000 | 425 | Haas2008 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 26,000 | 8.4 | Balcerzyk2000b | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 22,200 | 0.02% Ce | Cutler2009 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Ce,Ca | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 38,800 | 36.7 | 420 | 7.7 | 0.1% Ce3+, 0.1% Ca2+ | Spurrier2008 | Silicate | Ternary | |
Lu2SiO5:Ce/Ca (LSO) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 25,400 | 0.1% Ce; 0.1% Ca | Cutler2009 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu2SiO5:Pr | Pr3+ | 7.4 | 2,200 | slow | 26 | 247 | Nikl2006 | Silicate | Ternary | ||
Lu2SiO5:Pr,Ca | Pr3+ | 7.4 | 6.9 (66%); 23.2 (34%) + slow | 0.2% Pr3+, 0.1% Ca | Yang2009 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Lu3Al5O12:Ce (LuAG) | Ce3+ | 6.7 | 12,500 | Mares2004 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
Lu3Al5O12:Ce (LuAG) | Ce3+ | 6.7 | 5,606 | 510 | Lempicki1995 | Oxide | Ternary | ||||
Lu3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 17,000 | 21 | 310 | 0.14 % Pr | Ogino2006 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
Lu3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 16,000 | 26 | 308 | 0.25% Pr | Nikl2005 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
Lu3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 20,000 | 20 (68%); 455 (32%) | 0.25% Pr | Ogino2006a | Oxide | Ternary | |||
Lu3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 16,000 | 17.2 (30%); 53 (16%); 1,590 (54%) | 310 | 5 | Swiderski2009 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
Lu3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 12,400 | 1% Pr | Cutler2009 | Oxide | Ternary | ||||
Lu3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 19,000 | 20 | 310 | 4.6 | Drozdowski2008 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
LuAlO3:Ce (LuAP) | Ce3+ | 8.34 | 11,400 | 16.5; 74 | 365 | 0.105% Ce | Moszynski1997b | Oxide | Ternary | ||
LuAlO3:Ce (LuAP) | Ce3+ | 8.36 | 9,600 | 11; 28; 835 | 390 | Moses1995 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
LuAlO3:Ce (LuAP) | Ce3+ | 8.34 | 11,300 | Moszynski1997a | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
LuAlO3:Ce (LuAP) | Ce3+ | 8.34 | 20,500 | 17.9 | 365 | Lempicki1995 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
LuBO3:Ce (Calcite) | Ce3+ | 6.8 | 10,800 12,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 5% Ce | Zhang1999 | Borate | Ternary | |||
LuBO3:Ce (vaderite) | Ce3+ | 7.4 | 3,000 3,900 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 5% Ce | Zhang1999 | Borate | Ternary | |||
LuBO3:Pr (Calcite) | Pr3+ | 6.8 | 4,200 7,300 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 1% Pr | Zhang1999 | Borate | Ternary | |||
LuBO3:Pr (vaderite) | Pr3+ | 7.4 | 4,200 7,300 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | 1% Pr | Zhang1999 | Borate | Ternary | |||
LuBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.2 | 26,000 | 32 + slow | 0.76% Ce | vanLoef2003 | Bromide | Binary | |||
LuCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 4 | 6,600 | 46 + slow | 0.45% Ce | vanLoef2003 | Chloride | Binary | |||
LuF3:Ce | Ce3+ | 8.3 | 8,000 | 28 | 310 | Birowosuto2009 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
LuI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.6 | 50,000 | 31 (69%); 400 (15%); 3,000 (16%) + slow | 475; 520 | Glodo2005 | Iodide | Binary | |||
LuI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.6 | 50,000 | 23-31 | 474 | decay time depends on Ce3+ concentration | Shah2004 | Iodide | Binary | ||
LuI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.6 | 76,000 98,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | complex | 540 | 5% Ce | Birowosuto2006a | Iodide | Binary | |
LuI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.68 | 76,000 98,000 | (0.5 us) (10 us) | complex | 540 | 3.3 | 5% Ce | Birowosuto2006c | Iodide | Binary |
LuI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.6 | 115,000 | 28 | 522 | 2% Ce | Glodo2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||
LuOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.6 | 403, 432 | Rabatin1982 | Oxybromide | Ternary | |||||
LuOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.58 | 7,000 | 25 (56%); 73 (10%) | 405; 445 | * 0.10 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxybromide | Ternary | ||
LuOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.2 | weak x-ray luminescence reported | Rabatin1982 | Oxychloride | Ternary | |||||
LuOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.16 | 5,500 | 377 (16%); 1,512 (77%) | 380 | * 0.08 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxychloride | Ternary | ||
LuOF:Ce | Ce3+ | not observed | crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxyfluoride | Ternary | |||||
LuOI:Ce | Ce3+ | 7.71 | 700 | 23 (82%); 73 (10%) | 430; 480 | * 0.01 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxyfluoride | Ternary | ||
LuPO4:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.53 | 17,200 | 25 | 360 | Lempicki1993 | Phosphate | Ternary | |||
MgSr2Si2O7:Eu | Eu2+ | 4,000 | 186 ns (50%); 435 (31%) | 465 | crystalline powder; 2% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
Na2Gd2B2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 6,000 | 36 ns (50%); 66 (42%) | 447; 478 | crystalline powder; 2 % Ce | Derenzo2011 | Borate | Quaternary | |||
NaBaPO4:Eu | Eu2+ | 20,000 | 355 ns (32%); 885 (64%) | 450; 610 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Eu | Derenzo2011 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |||
NaGd(PO3)4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.62 | 21,000 | 12.4 | 313; 332 | crystalline powder, 2.5% Ce | Zhong2007 | Phospate | Quaternary | ||
NaGd(PO3)4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.62 | 11,100 | 314, 333 | crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Zhong2009 | Phospate | Quaternary | |||
NaGdCl4 | 3.44 | 2,400 | 305; 345; 365 | crystalline powder | Porter2009 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||
NaGdCl4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.44 | 39,400 | 26 | 350; 370 | crystalline powder; 20% Ce | Porter2009 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
NaI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.67 | 45,000 | 415 | 7.1 | Sakai1987 | Iodide | Binary | |||
NaI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.67 | 43,000 | Holl1988 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
NaI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.67 | 415 | Grabmaier1984 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
NaI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.67 | 5.6 | Persyk1978 | Iodide | Binary | |||||
NaI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.67 | 44,000 | 415 | Haas2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
NaI:Tl | Tl+ | 3.67 | 45,000 | luminosity = average of APD and PD values | dehaas2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
NaI:Tl, Eu | Tl+, Eu2+ | 3.67 | 44,000 | 6.3 | Shiran2010 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
NaI:Tl, Eu, Ca | Tl+, Eu2+ | 3.67 | 52,000 | 4.9 | 0.1% Tl+, 0.1% Eu2+, 0.2% Ca2+ | Khodyuk2015 | Iodide | Binary | |||
NaI:Tl,Ca | co-doping Tl, Ca | 34,000 | ± 1,800 | 173 ± 12 (94%); 830 ± 230 (6%) | 418 | 5.4 | 0.03±0.01%Tl 0.21±0.03%Ca (at. % in the melt, with respect to Na+) Improved non-proportionality | Yang2015 | Iodide | Binary | |
NaI:Tl,Sr | co-doping Tl, Sr | 26,000 | ± 3,100 | 172±10 (92%); 860±160 (8%) | 414 | 5.3 | 0.05±0.02%Tl 0.11±0.01%Sr (at. % in the melt, with respect to Na+) Improved non-proportionality | Yang2015 | Iodide | Binary | |
NaI(pure) | SX | 3.67 | 80,000 | 60 ns | 77K, 14% FWHM for 122 keV gammas | Persyk1980 | Iodide | Binary | |||
NaI(pure) | SX | 3.67 | 3.8 | 77K, 50,000 ns peaking time | Moszynski2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
NaLaSiO4:Ce | Ce3+ | 5,000 | 26 ns (32%) + slow | 405 | crystalline powder; 5% Ce | Derenzo2011 | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
NaLuP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.11 | 6,000 | 5.5 (17.7%); 20.4(82.3%) | 370 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phosphate | Quaternary | ||
PbCl2 | Pb2+ | 5.9 | 230 | 2.9 (41%); 20 (32%); 179 (27%) | 500 | crystalline powder | Derenzo1990 | Chloride | Binary | ||
PbCl2:Gd | Gd3+ | 5.9 | 1,350; 6,200 | 25.6 | 0.1% Gd; 173K | Kim2008 | Chloride | Binary | |||
PbCO3 | Pb2+ | 6.6 | 760 | 5.6; 27; 155 | 475 | Luminosity 16,000 photons/MeV at -40C | Moses1990 | Carbonate | Ternary | ||
PbCO3 | Pb2+ | 6.6 | 680 | 2.0 (22%); 15 (69%); 92 (9%) | 432; 465 | 11,900 photons/MeV at -120C | Moses1991 | Carbonite | Ternary | ||
PbFCl | Pb2+ | 7.11 | 1,700 | 4; 35 | 392; 420 | Chen2004 | Fluoride/ Chloride | Ternary | |||
PbFCl | K+ | 7.11 | 360 | 550 | Yang2014 | Fluoride/ Chloride | Ternary | ||||
PbI2 | d-a | 6.16 | 40,000 | 10% in first ns | 520 | 14K; native defect donor-acceptor recombination | Derenzo2013 | Iodide | Binary | ||
PbSO4 | Pb2+ | 6.4 | 4,900 | 1.8; 19; 95; 425 | 335 | Luminosity 68,500 photons/MeV at -145C | Moses1992 | Sulfate | Ternary | ||
PbSO4 | Pb2+ | 6.4 | 10,000 | 1.85; 14.5; 125-150 | 340; 380 | Zadneprovski2004 | Sulfate | Ternary | |||
PbSO4 | Pb2+ | 6.4 | 7.2 (21%); 35 (32%); 104 (39%); 656 (5.5%) | 35 | Zhang1994 | Sulfate | Ternary | ||||
PbWO4 | CX | 8.28 | 200 | 6 | 420 | QRT | Annenkov2002 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
PbWO4 | CX | 8.2 | 300 | 2.5 (25%); 11 (29%); 98 (46%) | 490 | crystalline powder | Derenzo1990 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
PbWO4:Pr | Pr3+ | 8.2 | 250 | 2,000 | 480, 620, 640 | 1% Pr | Nikl2008 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
Polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) + diphenylanthracene (DPA) + bismuth tryphenyl | organic | 12,000 | 15 | 420 | 9 | PVK with DPA fluor loaded with 40% bismuth triphenyl by weight | Rupert2012 | Quaterary | |||
Polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) + diphenylanthracene (DPA) + bismuth tryphenyl | organic | 30,000 | 12,000 | 500 | 7 | PVK with Ir-complexes fluor loaded with 40% bismuth triphenyl by weight | Rupert2012 | Quaternary | |||
PrBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.3 | 21,000 | 8 + 22 | 365; 395 | 20% Ce | Birowosuto2006b | Bromide | Binary | ||
PrF3 | Pr3+ | 6.3 | 510 | 394 | Villora2005 | Fluoride | Binary | ||||
Rb2CeBr5 | Ce3+ | 4.26 | 34,000 | 56.1 (98.8%); 329.9 (1.2%) | 390.5 | 6.9 | Kim2009 | Bromide | Ternary | ||
Rb2LiCeBr6 | Ce3+ | 4.6 | 33,000 | 55 (87%); 284 (13%) | 390 | 6.3 | Rooh2010b | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Rb2LiCeCl6 | Ce3+ | 3.1 | 23,100 | 71 (85%); 405 (15%) | 370 | 7.9 | Rooh2012 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Rb2LiLaBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 33,000 | 26 (5%); 310 (37%); 1,100 (58%) | 363; 387 | 4.8 | 1% Ce3+: 54,000 photons/neutron | Birowosuto2008b | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Rb2LiYBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.82 | 23,000 | 42 (3%); 140 (23%); 1,600 (74%) | 385; 420 | 4.7 | 0.5% Ce | Birowosuto2007a | Bromide | Quaternary | |
Rb2LiYBr6:Ce | Ce3+ | 23,000 | 42 (3%); 140 (23%); 1,600 (74%) | 381; 414 | 4.7 | 0.5% Ce3+; 83,000 photons/neutron | Birowosuto2008b | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Rb2LiYI6:Ce | Ce3+ | 71(53%); 400(31%); 1,400 (16%) | Birowosuto2009 | Iodide | Quaternary | ||||||
Rb2LiYI6:Ce | Ce3+ | 11,000 | 71 (31%); 400 53%); 1,400 (16%) | 435; 480 | 28 | 0.5% Ce3+; 37,000 photons/neutron | Birowosuto2008b | Iodide | Quaternary | ||
RbCl | CV | 2.8 | 1 | 190 | vanEijk1993 | Chloride | Binary | ||||
RbF | CV | 3.6 | 1700 | 1.3 | 203; 234 | vanEijk1993 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
RbGd2Br7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.8 | 56,000 | 45 | 430 | Shah2002 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
RbGd2Br7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.8 | 56,000 | 43 | 410 | 4.1 | 9.8% Ce | GuillotNoel1999b | Bromide | Ternary | |
RbGd2Br7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.7 | 55,000 | 60 | 420 | 3.8 | 5% Ce3+ | Dorenbos1997 | Bromide | Ternary | |
RbLuP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.2 | 1,300 | 6.3 (23.2%); 24.0(76.8%) | 393 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phosphate | Quaternary | ||
RbYP2O7:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.27 | 7,000 | 8.8 (14.8%); 27.8(85.2%) | 393 | crystalline powder; 0.5% Ce | Yuan2007 | Phosphate | QUaternary | ||
Sc2O3 | SA | 3.83 | 7,700 | 38; 217 | 350 | 22 | crystal | Fukabori2012 | Oxide | Binary | |
ScBO3:Bi | Bi3+ | 3.5 | 300 | Blasse1968 | Borate | Ternary | |||||
ScBO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.5 | 6,500 | 385; 420 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Ternary | |||
Sr5(PO4)3F:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.17 | 340 | 342 | crystalline powder, 25% Ce | Zeng2006 | Phosphate | Quaternary | |||
SrAl2O4:Ce | Ce3+ | 3,900 | 30 | 380 | 1% Ce3+ | Nakauchi2016 | Aluminate | Ternary | |||
SrBr2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.25 | 25,000 | 8 | Cherepy2009 | Bromide | Binary | ||||
SrBrI:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.9 | 47,000 | (est.) | 5% Eu2+ | Bourret2012 | Bromide/ Iodide | Ternary | |||
SrClI:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.1 | 70,000 | (est.) | 5% Eu2+ | Bourret2012 | Chloride/ Iodide | Ternary | |||
SrF2:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.3 | 4 (24%); 30 (76%) | 340-350 | 35% Ce | Gektin2009 | Fluoride | Binary | |||
SrHfO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 6.7 | 40,000 | 42 + slow | 410 | transparent ceramic | VanLoef2007 | Hafnate | Ternary | ||
SrI2 | SA | 4.55 | 38,000 | 560 | 6.7 | Cherepy2009 | Iodide | Binary | |||
SrI2 | SA | 4.55 | 106; 511 | 560 | 5.28 | Sturm2011a | Iodide | Binary | |||
SrI2:Ce/Na | Ce3+ | 4.59 | 16,000 | 27 (25%); 450 (75%) | 404; 435 | 6.4 | 0.5% Ce/Na | vanloef2009 | Iodide | Binary | |
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.6 | 90,000 | 1,200 | 435 | 3.7 | Cherepy2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.6 | 40,000 | 430 | Hofstadter1968 | Iodide | Binary | ||||
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.59 | 120,000 | 1,200 | 435 | 3 | 5% Eu | vanloef2009 | Iodide | Binary | |
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.55 | 115,000 | 1,200 | 435 | 2.8 | 6% Eu | Cherepy2009 | Iodide | Binary | |
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.55 | 620 (0.5% Eu); 1650 (10% Eu) | 429 (0.5% Eu); 436 (10% Eu) | crystals < 1 cm^3 | Glodo2010 | Iodide | Binary | |||
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.55 | 104,000 | 1,100 | 432 | 2.62 | 2.5% Eu2+ | Rowe2013 | Iodide | Binary | |
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.55 | 123; 3,488 | 430 | 2.85 | Sturm2011a | Iodide | Binary | |||
SrI2:Eu | Eu2+ | 4.55 | 90,000 | 2.7 | Sturm2011b | Iodide | Binary | ||||
SrI2:Yb | Yb2+ | 4.6 | 38,400 | 710; 77,000 | 418; 446 | 12.5 | 0.5% Yb | Alekhin2014a | Iodide | Binary | |
SrI2:Yb | Yb2+ | 4.55 | 56,000 | 610 | 414 | 4.35 | 0.5% Yb2+ | Rowe2013 | Iodide | Binary | |
Ta2Zn3O8 | SA | 7.1 | 1,130 | 385 | crystalline powder | Rack1998 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
ThBr4 | SX | 5.8 | 405 | Krupa1979 | Bromide | Binary | |||||
ThCl4 | SX | 4.6 | 345 | Krupa1979 | Chloride | Binary | |||||
Tl2GdCl5 | Ce3+ | 5.1 | 53,000 | ± 5,000 | 32 (76%); 271 (10%); 1600(14%) | 389 | ~5 | 5% Ce in melt | Khan2018 | Chloride | Ternary |
Tl2HfCl6 | SA | 24,200 | (2x1x1 mm) | 288, 6340 | 450-470 | 17.7 | Fujimoto2018 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Tl2LaCl5 | Ce3+ | 5.31 | 76,000 | (8x6x<1mm) | 36 (89%); 217(6%); 1500 (11%) | 383 | 3.4 | 3% Ce | Hawrami2017 | Chloride | Ternary |
Tl2LiYCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.58 | 28,000 30,000 30,500 | (1.5 us) (4 us) (6 us) | 69 (3%); 459 (84%); 1400 (23%) | 430 | 4.8 | 1% Ce | Kim2016 | Chloride | Quaternary |
Tl2LiYCl6:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.5 | 26,000 | 57 (3%); 431 (64%); 1055 (33%) | 435 | 4.2 | 3% Ce | Hawrami2016 | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Tl2ZrCl6 | SA | 50,800 | (2x1x1 mm) | 696, 2360 | 450-470 | 5.6 | Fujimoto2018 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
TlCaCl3 | Intrinsic | 3.77 | 30,600 | ± 3,060 | 317 (44%); 727 (56%) | 425 | 5 | Khan2017 | Chloride | Ternary | |
TlCdCl3 | Tl | 5.31 | 2,200 | (1us) | 2.6 (~8%) 45 (~47%) 170 (~45%) | 450 | Zeff = 68.7 | Fujimoto2017 | Chloride | Ternary | |
TlCl(Be,I) | 7 | 1,000 | 200 | 465 | 42 | Rosette1970 | Chloride | Binary | |||
TlSr2Br5 | Tl+ | 6.03 | 37600 | ± 3700 (6x6x5 mm3 sample) | 390 (66%); 1900 (34%) | 441 | 2.4% (2x2x1 mm3); 2.7% (5x8x13 mm3) | Rooh2017 | Bromide | Ternary | |
TlSr2I5 | Intrinsic | 5.3 | 31,000 | 151 (33%); 605(309); 3000(28%) | 528 | 8.5 | Kim2018 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
TlSr2I5 | Eu3+ | 5.3 | 70,000 | 535 (27%); 3300 (73%) | 463 | 4.2 | 3% Eu | Kim2018 | Iodide | Ternary | |
Y2O3 | SX | 5.04 | 15,480 | 28 | 370 | 36% of NaI:Tl | Ogorodnikov1996 | Oxide | Binary | ||
Y2O3 | SA | 5.04 | 9,300 | 34; 107 | 350 | 18.4 | Fukabori2010 | Oxide | Binary | ||
Y2O3:Bi | Bi3+ | 5 | 410 | Blasse1968 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
Y2O3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5 | Not detected | Yen1996 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
Y2O3:Ce | Ce3+ | 5 | Not detected | vanderKolk2007 | Oxide | Binary | |||||
Y2SiO5:Ce (YSO) | Ce3+ | 4.45 | 9,200 | 42 | 420 | 9 | Melcher1996 | Silicate | Ternary | ||
Y2SiO5:Ce (YSO) | Ce3+ | 4.45 | 24,000 | 9.4 | Balcerzyk2000b | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Y2SiO5:Ce (YSO) | Ce3+ | 4.45 | 23,400 | 0.10% Ce | Cutler2009 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Y2SiO5:Ce/Ca (YSO) | Ce3+ | 4.45 | 21,200 | 0.10% Ce; 0.10% Ca | Cutler2009 | Silicate | Ternary | ||||
Y2WO6:Bi | Bi3+ | 1,600 | 515 | Blasse1968 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG) | SX | 4.55 | 11,610 | 100 | 260 | 27% of NaI:Tl | Ogorodnikov1996 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG) | Ce3+ | 4.55 | 16,700 | Moszynski1997a | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG) | Ce3+ | 4.55 | 3.5 | Selim2007 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG) | Ce3+ | 4.55 | 119 + slow | 300; 550 | crystal; 0.1% Ce | Mihokova2007 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
Y3Al5O12:Ce (YAG) | Ce3+ | 4.55 | 85 + slow | 550 | ceramic; 0.5% Ce | Mihokova2007 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
Y3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 6.7 | 16,000 | 14 | 320 | 0.25% Pr | Ogino2006 | Oxide | Ternary | ||
Y3Al5O12:Pr | Pr3+ | 4.55 | 8,000 | 18 (80%) + slow | 300-400 | Dorenbos1993 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
YAl3B4O12:Bi | Bi3+ | 3.7 | 290 | Blasse1968 | Borate | Quaternary | |||||
YAl3B4O12:Ce | Ce3+ | 3.7 | 5,700 | 344; 367 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | |||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 16,200 | 27 | 347 | Baryshevsky1991 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 21,600 | Mares2004 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 18,000 | Moszynski1997a | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 20,100 | 24.2 | 365 | Lempicki1995 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 15,900 | deHaas2005 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 26 (90%); 67 (10%) | risetime: 240 ps | Derenzo2000 | Oxide | Ternary | ||||
YAlO3:Ce (YAP) | Ce3+ | 5.35 | 4.4 | Kapusta1999 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
YBa3B9O18 | SA | 3.9 | 1400 | 27 | 400 | He2007 | Oxide | Quaternary | |||
YBO3:Bi | Bi3+ | 4.5 | 1,000 | 328 | Blasse1968 | Borate | Ternary | ||||
YBO3:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.5 | 10,000 | 390; 415 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Ternary | |||
YBr3:Ce | Ce3+ | 20,000 | 36 (79%); 450 (21%) | 422 | 1% Ce | Cherginets2012 | Bromide | Ternary | |||
YCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 4,500 | 390; 410 | 1% Ce | Cherginets2009 | Chloride | Binary | ||||
YCl3:Ce | Ce3+ | 2.67 | 8,700 | 37 (86%); 640 (14%) | 383 | 1% Ce | Cherginets2012 | Chloride | Binary | ||
YGd2Ga3Al2O12:Ce | Ce3+ | 44,000 | 56.9( 66%); 236 (34%) | 8.2 | 1% Ce | Kamada2011a | Oxide | Quinary | |||
YI3:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.6 | 98,600 | 34 | 549 | 2% Ce | Glodo2008 | Iodide | Binary | ||
YMgB5O10:Ce | Ce3+ | 330 | 305 | crystalline powder | Knitel2000 | Borate | Quaternary | ||||
YNb0.2Ta0.8O4 | SA | 7.16 | 320(38%); 2,430(62%) | 440 | luminosity 6 x YTaO4 | Voloshyna2014 | Tantalo- niobate | Quaternary | |||
YNbO4:Bi | Bi3+ | 465 | Blasse1968 | Tantalo- niobate | Ternary | ||||||
YOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 61% of ZnS:Ag | 65 | 405, 440 | phosphor, 1% Ce | Buchanan1981 | Oxybromide | Ternary | |||
YOBr:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.06 | 10,000 | 25 (76%); 59 (17%) | 400; 445 | * 0.15 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxybromide | Ternary | ||
YOCl:Bi | Bi3+ | 1,400 | 400 | Blasse1968 | Oxychloride | Ternary | |||||
YOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 52% of ZnS:Ag | 34 | 365, 405 | phosphor, 1% Ce | Buchanan1981 | Oxychloride | Ternary | |||
YOCl:Ce | Ce3+ | 4.64 | 3,500 | 20 (83%) | 380 | * 0.05 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxychloride | Ternary | ||
YOF:Bi | Bi3+ | 330 | Blasse1968 | Oxyfluoride | Ternary | ||||||
YOF:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.23 | not observed | crystalline powder | Eagleman2011 | Oxyfluoride | Ternary | ||||
YOI:Ce | Ce3+ | 5.42 | 5,000 | 23 (85%) | 430; 480 | * 0.07 x LaBr3:Ce; crystalline powder; 1% Ce | Eagleman2011 | Oxyiodide | Ternary | ||
YPO4:Bi | Bi3+ | 700 | 342 | Blasse1968 | Phosphate | Ternary | |||||
YVO4:Bi | Bi3+ | 4,500 | 559 | Blasse1968 | Oxide | Ternary | |||||
Zn3Ta2O8 | SA | 30,000 | 270 (18%); 1,060 (80%) | 385 | crystalline powder | Derenzo2011 | Oxide | Ternary | |||
ZnO:Ga | Ga3+ | 5.7 | 0.36 (35%); 0.82 (65%) | fast n-type phosphor, risetime < 40 ps | Derenzo2000 | Oxide | Binary | ||||
ZnO:Ga | Ga3+ | 5.7 | <1 | 385 | fast n-type phosphor | Lehmann1966 | Oxide | Binary | |||
ZnO:Ga/H | Ga3+ | 5.7 | 9,700 | 0.8 | 389 | crystalline powder; luminosity 54% of YAlO3:Ce | Bourret2009 | Oxide | Binary | ||
ZnSe:O | 5.42 | 71,500 | 4,000; 12,000 | 595 | 7.4 | luminosity = 1.277 CsI:Tl | Kim2007 | Selenide | Binary | ||
ZnSe:Te | Te2- BX | 5.42 | 55,000 | 50,000 | 645 | 13.2 | Schotanus1992 | Selenide | Binary | ||
ZnSe:Te | Te2- BX | 5.42 | 28,300 | 610 | 5.4 | Balcerzyk2002 | Selenide | Binary | |||
ZnWO4 | CX | 7.85 | 9,300 | 20,000 | Holl1988 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
ZnWO4 | CX | 7.85 | 21,800 | 480 | Grabmaier1984 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
ZnWO4 | CX | 7.85 | 700; 7,000; 25,000 | 8.5 | Nagornaya2009 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
ZnWO4 | CX | 7.85 | 1,000; 4,000; 25,000 | 10.7 | Kraus2009 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||||
ZnWO4 | CX | 7.85 | 7,170 | 24,000 | 11.1 | 300K | Klamra2012 | Tungstate | Ternary | ||
ZnWO4 | CX | 7.85 | 8,460 | 9.3 | 77K | Klamra2012 | Tungstate | Ternary | |||
CsI:Tl+ | 4.51 | 52,000 | 1000 | 540 | 6 | Hamada2001 | Iodide | Binary | |||
NaI:Tl+ | 3.67 | 38,000 | 250 | 415 | 7 | Aguilar-Arevalo2010 | Iodide | Binary | |||
Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) | 7.13 | 9,000 | 300 | 480 | 9 | Nestor1975 | Germanate | Ternary | |||
Gd2SiO5:Ce (GSO) | 6.71 | 10,000 | 56; 600 | 430 | 8 | Suzuki1994/a> | Silicate | Ternary | |||
Lu1.8Y0.2SiO5:Ce LYSO | 7.19 | 33,000 | 40 | 430 | 8.5 | Chewpraditkul2009/a> | Silicate | Quaternary | |||
Cs2LiYCl6:Ce3+ (CLYC) | 3.3 | 20,000 | 3.6 | Hamada2001 | Chloride | Quaternary | |||||
Tl2LiYCl6:Ce3+ (TLYC) | 4.58 | 29,000 | 3.8 | Hawrami2017 | Chloride | Quaternary | |||||
LaCl3:Ce3+ | 3.86 | 50,000 | 3.2 | Shah2003 | Chloride | Binary | |||||
TlSr2I5:Eu2+ (TSI) | 5.3 | 70,000 | 2.8 | Soundara-Pandian2021 | Iodide | Ternary | |||||
Tl2LaBr5:Ce3+ (TLB) | 5.98 | 78,000 | 2.8 | Shirwadkar2020 | Bromide | Ternary | |||||
Tl2HfCl6 (THC) | 5.25 | 32,000 | 3.7 | Vuong2019 | Chloride | Ternary | |||||
Tl2LiGdCl6 | 10 % Ce | 4.75 | 58,000 | 34; 81% 191; 10% 1200; 9% | 380 | 4.6 | Kim2015 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Tl2LiGdBr6 | No | 5.3 | 27,000 | 56; 24% 105; 53% 1500; 23% | 435 | 7.2 | Jang2018 | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Tl2LiGdBr6 | 10 % Ce | 5.3 | 17,000 | 29; 92% 197; 8% | 422 | 17 | Kim2016 | Bromide | Quaternary | ||
Tl2LiYCl6 | 5 % Ce | 4.58 | 29,000 | 56; 3% 432; 65% 923; 32% | 430 | 3.8 | 15 x 10 x 10 mm3 | Hawrami2017 | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Tl2LiYCl6 | 5 % Ce | 4.58 | 25,000 | 56; 3% 432; 65% 923; 32% | 430 | 3.9 | 25.4 mm x 30.8 mm cylinder | Hawrami2017 | Chloride | Quaternary | |
Tl2LiLuCl6 | 1% Ce | 5.06 | 27,000 | 72; 8% 366; 30% 1500; 62% | 428 | 5.6 | Rooh2017 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Tl2LiScCl6 | No | 4.43 | 23,000 | 1147; 100% | 385 | 8.3 | Henderson2021 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Tl2NaYCl6 | 5% Ce | 4.58 | 28,000 | 91; 34% 462; 52% 2100; 15% | 430 | 4.1 | Hawrani2021 | Chloride | Quaternary | ||
Tl2LaCl5 | 3% Ce | 5.2 | 82,000 | 37; 83% 360; 7% 5100; 10% | 390 | 3.3 | Hawrani2021 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Tl2LaCl5 | 3% Ce | 5.2 | 48; 100% | 390 | 3.4 | Hawrani2021 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Tl2LaBr5 | 1% Ce | 5.98 | 78,000 | 28; 100% | 415 | 2.8 | Shirwadkar2020 | Bromide | Ternary | ||
Tl2GdCl5 | 5% Ce | 5.1 | 54,000 | 32; 76% 271; 10% 1600; 14% | 388 | 5 | Rooh2018 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
Tl2GdBr5 | 3% Ce | 26; 100% | 5.1 | Shirwadkar2020 | Bromide | Ternary | |||||
TlGd2Cl7 | 5% Ce | 4.3 | 50,000 | 89; 20% 358; 21% 1780; 58% | 405 | 6 | Khan2018 | Chloride | Ternary | ||
TlY2Cl7 | 5% Ce | 8,000 | 95; 48% 422; 26% 1200; 18% | 395 | 38 | vanLoef2021 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
TlSr2I5 | 1% Eu | 5.3 | 2,800 | 500; 90% 3000; 10% | 463 | 72 | Soundara-Pandian2021 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
TlSr2I5 | 5% Eu | 5.3 | 3,300 | 630; 74% 3600; 26% | 463 | 72 | Hawrani2021 | Iodide | Ternary | ||
TlCa2Br5 | 5% Eu | 4,000 | 541; 70% 973; 9% 3300; 21% | Hawrani2021 | Bromide | Ternary | |||||
TlSr2Cl5 | 4.15 | 21; 50% 651; 50% | 430 | 19 | Arai2020 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||
TlSr2Cl5 | 0.5% Eu | 4.15 | 6; 3% 550; 97% | 420 | 16 | Arai2020 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
TlSr2Cl5 | 0.5% Ce | 4.15 | 710; 96% 3500; 4% | 380 | 21 | Arai2020 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
TlMgCl3 | 4.43 | 5,000 | 60; 25% 350; 75% | 405 | 46 | Fujimoto2016 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
TlMgCl3 | 4.43 | 3,700 | 46; 9% 166; 23% 449; 68% | 409 | 30 | Hawrami2017 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
TlSrCl3 | 10,000 | 21 | Yanagida2019 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||||
TlBaCl3 | 10,000 | Less than LY value | Yanagida2019 | Chloride | Ternary | ||||||
TlCaI3 | 4.73 | 6,000 | 62; 13% | 460 | 42 | Hawrami2017 | Iodide | Ternary | |||
TlCaI3 | 4.73 | 6,000 | 200; 62% 1440; 25% | 533 | 42 | Hawrami2017 | Iodide | Ternary | |||
TlAlF4 | 6.1 | 14,000 | 194; 11% 992; 82% 3500; 7% | 390 | 12 | Daniel2020 | Fluoride | Ternary | |||
TlHfCl6 | 5.25 | 4,000 | 93; 8% 460; 29% 1000; 45% 11000; 18% | 398 | 32 | Vuong2019 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
TlHfCl6 | 5.25 | 3,700 | 300; 15% 1100; 85% | 398 | 27 | Hawrami2020 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Tl2HfBr6 | 5,000 | 22; 99% 870; 9% | 550 | 20 | vanLoef2020 | Bromide | Ternary | ||||
Tl2ZrCl6 | 4.5 | 4,300 | 870; 9% 2700; 91% | 468 | 47 | Phan2018 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Tl2ZrCl6 | 4.5 | 3,400 | 500; 2% 2300; 98% | 468 | 35 | Hawrami2019 | Chloride | Ternary | |||
Tl2ZnCl4 | 122; 73% 827; 27% | 490 | 10 | Arai2020 | Chloride | Ternary | |||||
Tl3ZnCl5 | 2000 | 81; 74% 577; 26% | 490 | Arai2020 | Chloride | Ternary |